Design helps to make up a painting. Yes, technically it is art when you splatter paint onto the your surface, but that is super boring and unoriginal. Art craves emotion and visual value that designs help provide or make clear.
These core parts of the painting are basically it's organization. It brings into question how each part of the piece interact with each other. If they don't go well, it could be an edgy piece. If the picture flows, it can be more of a connected and smooth painting with precise emotions versus unclear ones. Either way you go, you want your painting to speak and breathe your ideas. Your ideas show through your design; through your organization of the piece.
Design is key to the organization of the piece, "Designing is the intellectual side of creating an artwork, organizing the intuitive into a cohesive and exciting piece of work" (Reiter 68).There are many different types of designs. Each mix of designs is very diverse upon the artist. The visual marks that base new designs are line design, tone or value differentiation (highlighting distance, volume and space), shape design, color differentiation (creating new context, interest, decoration and mood), texture design, pattern design, movement design and then size or scale designs (Reiter 69). Design also matters on the principle of design such as harmony, contrast, gradation, dominance, balance, repetition, rhythm , and unity (Reiter 70-71). The principles of design all depend on the colors that you use in the art piece.
All the different colors are used in different formats to enhance design. The formats are usually what you draw or sketch before you paint. This may include diagonals, triangles, high horizons, low horizons, strata, cruciforms, curves, grids, random patterning or just central orientations (Reiter 72-75). These are barriers usually between two different colors or color pallets. If these formats are placed purposefully and successfully, they usually draw the viewer's eye to the main subject of the painting which enhances the tone and feeling of the painting to the viewer.
I like to use the flow of a rainbow to base the flows in my paintings off of. It makes them easier on the eyes.
How does the viewer know what and how to feel when looking at your art piece, with all the interacting components?
Reiter, Laura. Beginner's Guide to Abstract Art.
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